Institutes of Medical Education in India

All information given on this page has been taken from the Handbook of Medical Education, published by the Association of Indian Universities: New Delhi 1996 Edition.

The Universities to which the institutions are affiliated with are listed in dark red. For obtaining more information about an institute, their affiliated university may be contacted. For addresses and telephone numbers of the Universities, please visit our web page on Indian Universities.
Please dial India's country code 91 before numbers listed if calling out of India.

Symbols:

*=recognized by the Medical Council of India, a statuary body of Government of India responsible for maintaining the standards of Medical Education in the country (located in Temple Lane, Kotla Road, New Dehli 110002).

p= institutions administered by private bodies.

g= institutions administered by the government or its bodies.

International students seeking admission in India should read both the Guidelines and the Visa information given below.

General Guidelines for Admission

Visa Information for Non-Residents of India

 States:

Andhra Pradesh 	   Gujarat 	        Madhya Pradesh         Punjab
Assam              Haryana              Maharashtra	       Rajasthan
Bihar  	           Jammu & Kashmir      Manipur	               Tamil Nadu 
Dehli	           Karnataka	        Orissa 	               Uttar Pradesh 
Goa	  	   Kerala		Pondicherry            West Bengal
       
        
General Guidelines for Admission

Medical colleges in India follow a different procedure for different type of admissions of students. In private medical colleges 50% of the seats for undergraduate course(MBBS) are known as merit seats, and other 50% are called payment seats. The 15% of the payment seats can be filled by the NRI/Foreign Students. The admissions to merit as well as payment seats are made through an open competitive process, closely monitored by the concerned department of the respective State Government. There are different parameters for admission of NRI/Foreign students.

All private as well as government medical institutes, for admissions, follow the eligibility criteria prescribed by their respective university however, in general terms the candidates seeking admission to a medical college should have passed Senior Secondary Examination of CBSE or its equivalent with physics, chemistry, and Biology with 50% marks. To obtain the details about eligibility and admissions in Private Institutes, Department of Health and Medical Education of the concerned State or the Medical College itself may be contacted.

Most of the Government Medical Colleges offer admissions only to Indian students on the basis of their performance in a competitive entrance test, however, few Government Medical Colleges have some quota for NRI/Foreign students. The NRI/Foreign students willing to have admission in a Government Institute may contact them directly for procedural details.

All Government Medical colleges except those in the State of Andhrea Pradesh and Jammu and Kashmir, have 15% seats reserved for admissions for the students from other states. For this, the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) conducts All India Entrance Examination. The information on eligibility conditions, applications, and entrance examination procedure for these 15% seats is as under:

Eligibility Indian Nationals Age 17 yrs on December 31 of the year of admission.
Academic qualification 12yrs Sr Sec exam with 50%(40% for SC/ST) aggregate marks in English, Physics, Chemistry, and Biology(Botany & Zoology) with 50% marks and Physics, Chemistry, Biology and English passed at higher secondary. Candidates who have appeared in the qualifying exam are also eligible. Candidates should be medically fit.
Application Procedure Application form and Bulletin of Information can be obtained on cash payments of Rs.135 including exam fee (Rs 60 for SC/ST) from the notified brances of Canara Bank of CBSE Regional offices at 1)Todar Mal Marg, Ajmer 305001; 2) 1/1 Neem Sarai(Transport Nagar), Allabhad 241015; 3)State Institute of Education Building, Sector 32, Chandigarh 160031; 4) Rajgarh Road, Rajgarh Tinali, Guwahati 781003; 5)Plot No 1630 A, 15th Main Road, Anna Nagar(West), Madras 600040. The form can be obtained BY POST[mail] from the All India Pre-Medical /Pre-Dental Entrance Examination Unit. CBSE, 17B, Indraprastha Estate, New Delhi 110002 by remitting bank draft of 148 Rs.(Rs.73 for SC/ST) alongwith a self-addressed stamped envelope of 12"x10". Completed application should reach the CBSE by registered post by the notified date.
Entrance Exam consist of one paper in Physics, Chemistry, and Biology(Botany & Zoology)(combined) of 21/2 hours duration and carries 800 marks. The questions are of objective type with negetive marks for incorrect response. The syllabus for the entrance exam is given in the bulletin of information. Medium Hindi/English. Centres: Agartala, Ahmedabhad, Shilong, and Trivandrum. Result The CBSE conducts the exam, evaluates the answer-scripts, prepares the merit/waiting list and notifies the result in leading newspapers. A copy of the meri/waiting list of candidates is forwarded to the Director General of Health Services who allocate the seats at medical/dental colleges. In case of a tie, interse merit is determinded on marks in Zoology, Botany, Chemistry, and Physics.

All India Entrance for PG seats in Medical Colleges
Notification: September/October Last Date: November Exam: January

Entrance examination is conducted by All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Dehli in January/February at 26 different centres all over the country for admission to 25% seats for Postgraduate courses. (MD/MS/MDS/PG Diplomas) in all Medical and Dental Colleges run by the Central/State Governments, Municipal or other local authorities in India, except the States of J&K, Andhra Pradesh and AIIMS, PGI Chandigarh and private medical colleges.
The bulletin of information and application form may be obtained from the specific brances of State Bank of India on cash payments of Rs.150 or as notified(Rs.60 for SC/ST candidates) or from the examination section, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Dehli 110029 by sending a Bank Draft, IPO etc.

Visa Information for Non-Residents of India:(Government of India Ministry of Home Affairs)

Visa to attend Medical Colleges is granted after obtaining No Objection from the Medical Council of India and the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India. However, Indian Missions abroad may grant visa to foreign students for elective studies in India in any of the approved/recognized Institutions, without obtaining No Objection from the Medical council of India and the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare(Government of India) PROVIDED:
1)The duration of the course does not exceed three months; and
2)The applicant has produced a letter of acceptance of his training program from the Head of the concerned Medical Institution in India.

In cases where the period of training exceeds three months, the existing practice of obtaining No objection certificate from the Medical Council of India and the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare(Government of India) would continue to be followed.

Andhra Pradesh

University of Health Sciences Andhra Pradesh

g* Andhra Medical College
Visakhapatnam 53002
Phone: 0891-63413, 0891-61157

p* Deccan College of Medical Sciences
PO Kanchan Bagh, Hyderabad 500258
Phone: 91-40-239547, 91-40-239225
Fax: 040-239235

g* Gandhi Medical School
Basheerbagh, Hyderabad 500001
Phone: 040-232452

g* Guntar Medical College
Guntar 522004
Phone: 0863-34908

g* Kakatiya Medical College
Warangal, 506007
Phone: 08712-25971(PBX), 08712-23130

g* Kurnool Medical College
Kurnool, 518002
Phone: 0814-72-20102

g* Osmania Medical College
Hyderabad, 500195
Phone: 040-45692, 040-42936

g* Rangaraya Medical College
Kakainada, 533003
Phone: 76206 63401

g* S V Medical College
Tirupati, 517507
Phone: 08574-27368

g* Siddhartha Medical College
Vijayawada 520008
Phone: 0866-541206, 0866-540390

Kakatiya University

Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences
Panjagutta, Hyderabad 500482
Phone: 040-399690, 040-3320332
Fax: 040-310076

Assam

Dibrugarh University

g* Assam Medical College
Dibrugarh 786002
Phone: 342-20080

Gauhati University

g* Gauhati Medical College
Guwahati 781032
Phone: 0361-561323, 0361-562245

Bihar

Bahasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar Bihar University

g* Sri Krishna Medical College
Muzaffarpur 842004
Phone: 0621-261366, 0621-260866

g* Muzaffarpur Institute of Technology
Muzaffarpur 842003
Phone: 0621-261918

L N Mithila University

g* Darbhanga Medical College
Laheriasarai 846003 Darbhanga
Phone: 06272-33228, 06272-33190

Magadh University

g* A N Magadh Medical College
Shergati Road, Gaya 823001
Phone: 0631-20339

g* Nalanda Medical College
Kankarbagh Patna 800020
Phone: 0612-51220

Patna University

g* Patna Medical College
Patna 800004
Phone: 0612-653343

Ranchi University

g* MGM Medical College
Jamshedpur 831012
Phone: 0657-23011

g* Rajendra Medical College
P O Bariatau,Ranchi 834009
Phone: 0651-301533

Tilka Manjhi Bhagalpur University

g* Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College
Bhagalpur 812001
Phone: 401078

Vinoba Bhave University

Paliputra Medical College
Post B C C L Township, Distt Dhanbad 826005
Phone: 204165

Dehli

g* All India Institute of Medical Sciences
Ansari Nagar, New DEhli 110029
Phone: 011-661123, 011-6864851
Fax: 011-6862663

University of Dehli

g* Faculty of Medical Sciences
V P Chest Institute Building) Dehli 110007
Phone: 011-2282971(48), 011-757725

g* Lady Hardinge Medical College
New Dehli 110001
Phone: 011-343728, 011-343984

g* Maulana Azad Medical College
New Dehli 110002
Phone: 011-3319271

p* University College of Medical Sciences
Shahdara, Dehli 110095
Phone: 011-2280208

Goa

g* Goa University

Goa Medical College
Bambolim 403 202, Goa
Phone: 0832-225727, 0832-224441-42
Fax: 0832-226288

Gujarat

M S University of Baroda

g* Medical College
Vadodara, 390006
Phone: 0265-421594, 0265-427545

Bhavnagar University

g Government Medical College
Sir T Hospital Campus, Dr H Vaidya Road
Kalanala, Bhavnagar 364002
Phone: 0278-422011, 0278-430808

Gujurat University

g* B J Medical College
Ahmedabad, 380016
Phone: 079-376074, 079-376067

p* SMT N H L Municipal Medical College
Ellis Bridge, Ahmedabhad 380006
Phone: 079-6576275, 079-6579282

Sardar Patel University

p* Pramukhswami Medical College
P O Karamsad 388325, Disti Kaira
Phone: 31400, 30130

Saurashtra University

g * Shri M P Shah Medical College
Jamnagar, 361001
Phone: 0288-73515, 0288-76731-4

South Gujarat University

g* Government Medical College
Surat, 395001
Phone: 0261-41596

Haryana

Guru Jambheshwar University

Maharaja Agarsen Institute of Medical Research and Education
Agroha, 125047
Phone: 31225

Maharishi Dayanand University

g* Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences
Rohtak 124 001
Phone: 01262-42269, 01262-42956
Fax: 01262-42269

Jammu & Kashmir

University of Jammu

g* Government Medical College
Bakshi Nagar, Jammu 180 001
Phone: 0191-46824, 0191-43996

University of Kashmir

g* Government Medical College
Srinagar 190 010
Phone: 0194-73562, 0194-74589

Jehlum Valley College of Medical Sciences
Bemina, Srinagar 190 002
Phone: 0194-479071
This college has a temporary affiliation

Karnataka

Bangalore University

g* Bangalore Medical College
Bangalore 560 002
Phone: 080-601544, 080-601529

p* Dr B R Ambedkar Medical College
Kadugondanahalli, Bangalore 560 045
Phone: 080-5476498, 080-5471784

p* Kempegowda Institute of Medical Sciences
K R Road, Visveswarapuram, Bangalore 560 004
Phone: 080-603560, 080-6613225

p* M S Ramaiah Medical College
M S Ramaiah Nagar,MSRIT Post, Bangalore 560 054
Phone: 080-366934, 080-366548

p* Sri Devaraj URS Medical College
Tamaka, Kolar 563 101
Phone: 22638

p* Sri Siddhartha Medical College
Agalakote Campus, Tumkur 572102
Phone: 78867

p* St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences
Johnnagara, Bangalore 560 034
Phone: 080-5530724, 080-5531786

Gulbarga University

g* Government Medical College
Bellary 583104
Phone: 2104

H K E Society's
p* M R Medical College
Gulbarga 585105
Phone: 20307, 20274

Karnatak University

p*Al-Ameen Medical College
Torvi Road, Bijapur 586108
Phone: 08352-22467, 08352-22984

B L D E Association's
p*Shri B M Patil Medical College
Sholapur Road, Bijapur 586 103
Phone: 08352-20267

K L E Society's
p*Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College
Belgaum 590010
Phone: 0831-451350, 0831-451701 Fax: 0831-451759

g* Karnatak Medical College
Hubil 580 022
Phone: 0836-372109, 0836-372681

Kuvempu University

p* J J M Medical College
Davangere, 577004
Phone: 08192-24222, 08192-31388 Fax: 08192-31201

Manipal Academy of Higher Education

p* Kasturba Medical College
Light House Hill Road, Mangalore 575001
Phone: 0824-26482, 0824-33803
Fax: 0824-28183

p* Kasturba Medical College
Manipal 576 119
Phone: 8252-71201, 8252-71000
Fax: 8252-70062

University of Mysore

p* Adichunchanagiri Institute of Medical Sciences
Balagangadhrantha Nagara, Bellur 571448
Nagamargala Taluk Mandya Distt
Phone: 08234-67433
Fax: 08234-67344

g* Government Medical College
Mysore 570 021
Phone: 0821-520512
Fax: 0821-520803

p* J S S Medical College
Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagar, Mysore 570 015
Phone: 0821-30732 31040
Fax: 0821-563819

Kerala

Academy of Medical Sciences
Pariyaram 670502
Kannur
Phone: 91-497-800362
Fax: 91-497-800365

University of Calicut

g* Medical College
Kozhikode 673008
Phone: 356531
Fax: 355331

g* Medical College
Mulankunnathukavu 680581, Thrissur
Phone: 7355

University of Kerala

g* Medical College
Thiruvananthapuram 695011
Phone: 04175-71205

g* T D Medical College
Alappuzha 688005
Phone: 0477-8566111
Fax: 0477-856611

Mahatma Gandhi University

g* Medical College
Gandhinagar P O, Kottayam 686008
Phone: 0481-7284, 0481-7279

Madhya Pradesh

Awadesh Pratap Singh University

g* Shyma Shah Medical College
Rewa 486001
Phone: 07662-41655

Barkatullah Vishwavidyalaya

g* Gandhi Medical College
Bhopal 462001
Phone: 0755-540590

Devi Ahilya Vishwavidyalaya

g* M G M Medical College
Indore 452001
Phone: 0731-434383

Jiwaji University

g* Gajra Raja Medical College
Gwalior 474009 Phone: 0751-321400, 0751-323451

PT Ravishankar Shukla University

g* Pt Jawaharlal Nehru Meomorial Medical College
Raipur(MP)
Phone: 0771-523919, 0771-525602

Rani Durgavati Vishwavidyalaya

g* Government Medical College
Jabalpur 482003
Phone: 0761-422851

Maharashtra

Amravati University

p* DR Panjabrao Alias Bhausaheb Deshmukh Memorial Medical College
Shivaji Nagar, Amravati(Vidarbha)444603
0721-662323, 0721-662303

g* Shri Vasantrao Naik Govt Medical College
Yavatmal 445001
Phone: 42456

Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University

p* Bharati Vidyapeeth's
Medical College
Katraj Dhankawadi, Pune 411043
Phone: 0212-433226

University of Bombay

g* Grant Medical College
Mumbai 400 008
Phone: 022-3728482

p* K J Somaiya Medical College
Ayurvihar, Eastern Express Highway, Sion, Mumbai 400077
Phone: 022-4020933, 022-4090253

g* Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College
Sion, Mumbai 400022
Phone: 022-4076381-90, 022-4092020

p* Mahatma Gandhi's Mission's
Medical College
Kamothe, Navi Mumbai 400 209
Phone: 022-7421723, 022-7423404

p* Padmashree DR D Y Patil Medical College
Dr D Y Patil Vidyanagar, Sector 7, Nerul Navi Mumbai 400706
Phone: 022-7672516, 022-7672517

Rajiv Gandhi Medical College
Kalwa, Thane 400 605
Phone: 5347784, 5347791

p* Seth G S Medical College
Parel Mumbai 400012
Phone: 022-4136051

p Terna Medical College
Sector 1, Koparkhairane, Navi Mumbai 400701
Phone: 022-7671301, 022-7681964

Topiwala National Medical College
Dr A L Nair Road, Mumbai 400008
Phone: 022-391491

DR Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University

g* Government Medical College
Aurangabad 431001
Phone: 0240-331298, 0240-334419

p* Mahatma Gandhi Mission's
Medical College
N-6 CIDCO Aurangabad 431003
Phone: 0240-484693

g * S R T Rural Medical College
Ambajogai 431517 Distt Beed
Phone: 47060/301

Nagpur University

g* Government Medical College
Nagpur 440003
Phone: 0712-743588, 0712-744671/66

g* Indira Gandhi Medical College
Central Avenue Road, Nagpur 440018
Phone: 0712-726126, 0712-725274

p* Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College
Sawangi Phone: 07152-40419

p* Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences
P O Sevagram, Distt Wardha 442102
Phone: 84341, 84355
Fax: 07152-84333

g* N K P Salve Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre
Digdoh Hills, Hingna Road, Nagpur 440 012
Phone: 0712-236290

g* Shri Bhausaheb Hire
Government Medical College
Dhule(MS) 424001
Phone: 05412-24407, 21207

University of Pune

g* Armed Forces Medical College
Sholapur Road, Pune 411040
Phone: 0212-673290/6030

g* B J Medical College
Pune 411001
Phone: 0212-626010, 0212-628000

Maharasthra Institute of Medical Education and Research
(Medical College)
Talegaon Dabhade, Distt Pune 410507
Phone:NA

p* N D M V P Samaj's
Medical College
Vasantdada Nagar, Nashik 422 002
Phone: 73802

p* Rural Medical College
(Parvara Medical Trust)
Loni 413 736, Taluka Shirirampur, Distt Ahmednagar
Phone: 05762-53600

Shivaji University

p* D Y Patil Education Society's
Medical College
Kasaba Bavada Kolhapur 416006
Phone: 653298-99

g* DR V M Medical College
Solapur 413003
Phone: 0217-621221-29

g* Government Medical College
Miraj 416410 Sangli
Phone: 0233-222091, 0233-222959

p* Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences
Karad 415 110 Dist Satara
Phone: 81659, 81666

Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University

g* Government Medical College
Nanded 431601
Phone: 02462-34118, 02462-34525

g* Maharashtra Institute of Medical Sciences and Research
Ambajogal Road, Vishwanathpuram, Latur 413531
Phone: 42246, 45423

Manipur

Manipur University

g* Regional Institute Of Medical Sciences
Lamphelpat, Imphal 795004
Phone: 03852-222234, 03852-310627

Orissa

Berhampur University

g* M K C G Medical College
Berhampur 760004 Ganjam
Phone: 200746, 203609

Sambalpur University

g* V S S Medical College
Burla 768017 Sambalpur
Phone: N/A

Uktal University

g* S C B Medical College
Cuttack 753007
Phone: 0671-23255

Pondicherry

Pondicherry University

g* Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research
Dhanwantary Nagar, Pondicherry 605006
Phone: 0413-36380-89
Fax: 0413-38067

Punjab

Guru Nanak Dev University

g* Government Medical College
Amritsar 143001
Phone: 0183-220618

Panjab University

g Government Medical College
Sector 38, Chandigarh 160014
Phone: 0172-690338, 0172-690441

p* Christian Medical College
Ludhiana 141008
Phone: 0172-665950
Fax: 0172-690378

g* Dayand Medical College
Post Box No 265, Ludhiana 141001
Phone: 0161-405501, 0161-404446
Fax: 0161-406858

Postgraduate Institute Of Medical Education and Research
Sector 12, Chandigarh 160012
Phone: 0172-541031-39
Fax: 0172-540401

Punjabi University

g* Goverment Medical College
Patiala 147001
Phone: 0175-812018

g* Guru Gobind Singh Medical College
Faridkot 151203
Phone: N/A

Rajasthan

Birla Institute Of Technology and Science
Pilani 333031(Rajasthan)
Phones: 04545-42090, 04545-42192

University of Rajasthan

g* DR S N Medical College
Jodhpur 342003
Phone: 0291-34374-77
Fax: 0291-31987

g* Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College
Ajmer 305001
Phone: 0145-22842

Medical College
Jhalawar Road, ESI Hospital Bldg
Kota 324005
Phone: 425674

g* R N T Medical College
Udaipur 313001
Phone: 0294-523613

g* S M S Medical College
Jaipur 302004
Phone: 0141-49020, 0141-49096

g* Sardar Patel Medical College
Bikaner 334001
Phone: 0151-523443, 0151-28054

Tamil Nadu

Annamalai University

p* Rajah Muthiah Institute of Health Sciences Rajaj Muthiah Medical College
Faculty of Medicine
Annamalainagar 608002

p* Sri Ramachandra Medical College & Research Institute
Porur, Madras 600 016
Phone: 044-4828413, 044-4828403
Fax: 044-4827008

Tamil Nadu DR MGR Medical University

g* Chengalpattu Medical College
Chengalpattu 603001
Phone: 26221

p* Christian Medical School
Thorapudi Post Office, Vellore 632002
Phone: 0416-22603 Ext: 4201
Fax: 0416-222788

g* Coimbatore Medical College
Coimbatore 641014
Phone: 0422-574375

g* Government Kilpauk Medical College
Madras 600010
Phone: 8255331

g* Govt Mohan Kumaramangalam Medical College
Salem 636030
Phone: 0427-483313

g* Madras Medical College
Park Town, Madras 600 003
Phone: 300001

g* Madurai Medical College
Madurai 625020
Phone: 0452-532535

p* P S G Institute of Medical Sciences & Research
Peelamedu, Coimbatore 641004
Phone: 0422-570170-78

Perundurai Medical College & Research Centre
Perundurai 638053
Phone: 20910, 20913

g* Stanley Medical College
Madras 600 001
Phone: 513311

g* Thanvajur Medical College
Thanvajur 613004
Phone: 21921

g* Tirunelveli Medical College
Tirunelveli 627011
Phone: 0462-71733-34

Nandha College of Paramedical Sciences
Perunurai Main road, Thindal(PO) Erode 638009
Phone: 0424-220972

Christian Fellow Community Health Centre
Shanthipuram Ambilikkai 624612
Phone: 250

Uttar Pradesh

Aligarh Muslim University

g* Faculty of Medicine
(Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College)
Aligarh 202002
Phone: 0571-401714

University of Allahbad

g* Motilal Nehru Medical college
Lowther Road, Allahbad 211001
Phone: 0532-601983

Banaras Hindu University

g* Institute of Medical Sciences
BHU Varanasi 221005
Phone: 0542-310483, 0542-310291

Budelkhand University

g * Maharani Laxmi Bai Medical College
Jhansi 284128
Phone: 440858

DR B R Ambedkar University

S N Medical College
Agra 282002
Phone: 0562-260353

University of Gorakhpur

g* B R D Medical College
Gorakhpur 273013
Phone: 0551-311736

Hemwati Nandan Bahguna Garwhal University
Srinagar 246174, Distt Garwal
Phone: 0194-2143

University of Lucknow

g* King George's Medical College
Lucknow 226003
Phone: 0522-75877

Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences
Post Box No 375
Raw Bareil Road, Lucknow 226014
Phone: 0522-451005-8
Fax: 522-259973

Shri Shahu Ji Maharaj University

G S V M Medical College
Kanpur 208002
Phone: 0512-214145, 0512-214881

West Bengal

University of Burdwan

g* Burdwan Medical College
Burdwan 713104
Phone: 0342-6315-16-5766

University of Calcutta

g* Bankura Sammilani Medical College
Bankura, West Bengal
Phone: 51324

g* Calcutta National Medical College
32, Gorachand Road, Calcutta 700014
Phone: 033-2440555, 033-2444834

g* Medical College
88, College Street, Calcutta 700073
Phone: 033-2414901, 033-2414920

g* Nilratan Sircar Medical College
138 Acharya J C Bose Road, Calcutta 700014
Phone: 033-443213, 033-441330/19

g* R G Kar Medical College
1 Belgachia Road, Calcutta 700 004
Phone: N/A

University of North Bengal

g* North Bengal Medical College
P O Sushrutangar, Siliguri, Darjeeling 734432
Phone: Siliguri 0354-450285